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Trigonometry/sine squared plus cosine squared

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You have seen quite a few trigonometric identities in the past few pages. It is convenient to have a summary of them for reference. These identities mostly refer khổng lồ one angle denoted θ, but there are some that involve two angles, & for those, the two angles are denoted α and β.

Bạn đang xem: Trigonometry/sine squared plus cosine squared

The more important identities. You don’t have to lớn know all the identities off the vị trí cao nhất of your head. But these you should.
Defining relations for tangent, cotangent, secant, và cosecant in terms of sine & cosine.
The Pythagorean formula for sines and cosines. This is probably the most important trig identity.
Identities expressing trig functions in terms of their complements.There"s not much to lớn these. Each of the six trig functions is equal lớn its co-function evaluated at the complementary angle.
Periodicity of trig functions. Sine, cosine, secant, & cosecant have period 2π while tangent & cotangent have period π.
Identities for negative angles. Sine, tangent, cotangent, & cosecant are odd functions while cosine và secant are even functions.
Ptolemy’s identities, the sum and difference formulas for sine và cosine.
Double angle formulas for sine & cosine.Note that there are three forms for the double angle formula for cosine. You only need to lớn know one, but be able khổng lồ derive the other two from the Pythagorean formula.
The less important identities.You should know that there are these identities, but they are not as important as those mentioned above. They can all be derived from those above, but sometimes it takes a bit of work to vày so.

Xem thêm: Thành Phần Nào Chiếm Nhiều Diện Tích Đất Trồng Nhất Ở Trung Và Nam Mĩ ? A

The Pythagorean formula for tangents & secants.There’s also one for cotangents and cosecants, but as cotangents & cosecants are rarely needed, it’s unnecessary.
Identities expressing trig functions in terms of their supplements.
Sum, difference, và double angle formulas for tangent.
The half angle formulas.The ones for sine và cosine take the positive or negative square root depending on the quadrant of the angle θ/2. For example, if θ/2 is an acute angle, then the positive root would be used.
Truly obscure identities.These are just here for perversity. No, not really. They have some applications, but they’re usually narrow applications, & they could just as well be forgotten until needed.
Product-sum identities.This group of identities allow you khổng lồ change a sum or difference of sines or cosines into a product of sines and cosines.
Product identities.Aside: weirdly enough, these product identities were used before logarithms were invented in order to perform multiplication. Here’s how you could use the second one. If you want to multiply x times y, use a table lớn look up the angle α whose cosine is x & the angle β whose cosine is y. Look up the cosines of the sum α+β. & the difference α–β. Average those two cosines. You get the product xy! Three table look-ups, and computing a sum, a difference, & an average rather than one multiplication. Tycho Brahe (1546–1601), among others, used this algorithm known as prosthaphaeresis.
Triple angle formulas.You can easily reconstruct these from the addition and double angle formulas.
More half-angle formulas.

Xem thêm: Cách Vẽ Con Người Đội Mũ Bảo Hiểm Xinh, Vẽ Tranh Đội Mũ Xinh

These describe the basic trig functions in terms of the tangent of half the angle. These are used in calculus for a particular kind of substitution in integrals sometimes called the Weierstrass t-substitution.

Trigonometry/sine squared plus cosine squared

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You have seen quite a few trigonometric identities in the past few pages. It is convenient to have a summary of them for reference. These identities mostly refer khổng lồ one angle denoted θ, but there are some that involve two angles, & for those, the two angles are denoted α and β. Bạn đang xem: Trigonometry/sine squared plus cosine squared

The more important identities. You don’t have to lớn know all the identities off the vị trí cao nhất of your head. But these you should.

	Defining relations for tangent, cotangent, secant, và cosecant in terms of sine & cosine.
	The Pythagorean formula for sines and cosines. This is probably the most important trig identity.
	Identities expressing trig functions in terms of their complements.There"s not much to lớn these. Each of the six trig functions is equal lớn its co-function evaluated at the complementary angle.
	Periodicity of trig functions. Sine, cosine, secant, & cosecant have period 2π while tangent & cotangent have period π.
	Identities for negative angles. Sine, tangent, cotangent, & cosecant are odd functions while cosine và secant are even functions.
	Ptolemy’s identities, the sum and difference formulas for sine và cosine.
	Double angle formulas for sine & cosine.Note that there are three forms for the double angle formula for cosine. You only need to lớn know one, but be able khổng lồ derive the other two from the Pythagorean formula.


The less important identities.You should know that there are these identities, but they are not as important as those mentioned above. They can all be derived from those above, but sometimes it takes a bit of work to vày so. Xem thêm: Thành Phần Nào Chiếm Nhiều Diện Tích Đất Trồng Nhất Ở Trung Và Nam Mĩ ? A

	The Pythagorean formula for tangents & secants.There’s also one for cotangents and cosecants, but as cotangents & cosecants are rarely needed, it’s unnecessary.
	Identities expressing trig functions in terms of their supplements.
	Sum, difference, và double angle formulas for tangent.
	The half angle formulas.The ones for sine và cosine take the positive or negative square root depending on the quadrant of the angle θ/2. For example, if θ/2 is an acute angle, then the positive root would be used.

Truly obscure identities.These are just here for perversity. No, not really. They have some applications, but they’re usually narrow applications, & they could just as well be forgotten until needed.
	Product-sum identities.This group of identities allow you khổng lồ change a sum or difference of sines or cosines into a product of sines and cosines.
	Product identities.Aside: weirdly enough, these product identities were used before logarithms were invented in order to perform multiplication. Here’s how you could use the second one. If you want to multiply x times y, use a table lớn look up the angle α whose cosine is x & the angle β whose cosine is y. Look up the cosines of the sum α+β. & the difference α–β. Average those two cosines. You get the product xy! Three table look-ups, and computing a sum, a difference, & an average rather than one multiplication. Tycho Brahe (1546–1601), among others, used this algorithm known as prosthaphaeresis.
	Triple angle formulas.You can easily reconstruct these from the addition and double angle formulas.
	More half-angle formulas. Xem thêm: Cách Vẽ Con Người Đội Mũ Bảo Hiểm Xinh, Vẽ Tranh Đội Mũ Xinh These describe the basic trig functions in terms of the tangent of half the angle. These are used in calculus for a particular kind of substitution in integrals sometimes called the Weierstrass t-substitution.